表達銀行相關用語

1.  銀行  bank

例：去銀行、上銀行  go to the bank

        在銀行工作  work in/at a bank

        銀行擠兌  a run on a bank

        投資銀行  investment/merchant bank

        儲蓄銀行  savings bank

        (中) 央 (銀) 行  central bank    

        (補充：美國央行、聯準會  the Federal Reserve (System) = the Fed)

補充：信用合作社  credit union

            票據交換所  clearing house

2.  銀行家  banker

3.  (銀行) 行員  (bank) clerk

4.  出納員  teller = cashier

5.  理 (財) 專 (員)、理財顧問  financial adviser(=advisor)

補充：投資 ～  invest in ~ = make an investment in ~

            (例：投資股市  invest in the stock market = make an investment in the stock market)

            投資組合  portfolio

(關於投資、股票等相關用語，詳見本部落格「表達股票相關用語」一篇。)

6.  銀行業 (務)  banking

例：電子銀行業務  electronic banking (= e-banking)

        網 (路) 銀 (行) 業務  Internet/online banking

7.  帳戶 、戶頭  (bank) account

例：活存帳戶、支票帳戶  checking/current account

        定存帳戶  savings/deposit account

        聯合帳戶  joint account

        開立/結清帳戶  open/close an account

補充：對帳單  (bank) statement

8.  存摺  passbook

9.  存 (錢)、存款  deposit

例：存500元   deposit $500 =  make a deposit of $500 = pay $500 in(to one's account) (= pay in $500)

        存款單  deposit slip = paying-in slip

        存款人、存戶、儲戶  depositor

        (公司將薪水直接存入員工戶頭中的) 薪轉  direct deposit     

比較：(一個人全部的) 存款、積蓄  savings  

            (例：動用存款  draw on one's savings)

10.  利息  interest

例：賺利息  earn interest

        付貸款利息  pay interest on a loan

        每個月的利息支出  monthly interest payments/charges

        單利  simple interest ⇔ 複利  compound interest

        利率  interest/bank rate

        (例：調降/調升利率  (又稱「降息/升息」) cut/raise interest rates)

        (補充：貼現率  discount rate)

11.  提 (錢)、領 (錢)  withdraw

例：提領500元  withdraw $500 = make a withdrawal of $500 = draw $500 out (of one's account) (= draw out $500)

        提款單  withdrawal slip

補充：提款機  ATM (= automated/automatic teller machine) = cash machine/dispenser = cashpoint = hole in the wall

            提款卡  ATM/cash(point)/bank card

            (提款機等的) 插卡處  card slot

            (提款機等的) 操作鍵盤  keypad

            (提款機) 密碼、個人身分辨識碼  PIN (= personal identification number) (number)

            銀行代碼  routing number = sort(ing) code

12.  帳戶餘額  (bank) balance

補充：(帳戶裡) 有錢  in credit = in the black

            (帳戶) 負債、赤字  in debit = in the red

13.  透支額  overdraft

例：透支  have an overdraft = be/go overdrawn

14.  匯 (款)  remit  (其名詞為  remittance (匯款 (金額))

例：用支票匯款支付  remit payment by check

補充：匯票、匯款單  money/postal order

           電匯  wire transfer

                 轉帳  transfer

                  (例：轉500元到某人的帳戶中  transfer $500 to sb's account)

                 自動轉帳、自動扣繳  direct debit

                 (例：自動扣繳電費帳單  pay one's electricity bill by direct debit)

15.  支票  check = cheque

例：開 (金額為～的) 支票  write a check (for ~) = make out a check (for ~)

        開支票給某人  write sb a check = make out a check to sb

        (在支票背面上) 簽名背書  endorse a check

        用支票付款  pay by check = pay with a check

        兌現支票  (en)cash a check

        支票跳票  a check bounces

        空頭支票  bad/dud check

        保兌支票  certified check

        旅行支票  traveler's check (= traveller's cheque)

        支票簿  checkbook (= chequebook)

        支票票根、支票存根  (check) stub = counterfoil

補充：支票是要付給某人的  a check is made payable to sb

            (尤指支票上的) 受款人、收款人  payee

            本票  promissory note

          (比較：銀行本票  cashier's check)

16.  信用卡  credit card = plastic

補充：刷卡  charge it (to/on my credit card) = pay by credit card

             你們接受刷卡嗎？、你們收信用卡嗎？  Do you accept/ take credit cards?

            持卡人  cardholder

           (信用卡) 到期日、有效期限  expiry/expiration date

         (信用卡背面的三或四位數) 安全碼   (card) security code

             盜刷  credit card fraud

             信用額度  credit line/limit = line of credit

             預借現金  cash advance

             分期付款  instal(l)ment plan = hire purchase (= HP)

            (例：分期買 ～  buy ~ on the instal(l)ment plan = pay for ~ by/in instal(l)ments)

             信用卡對帳單  (credit card) statement

             最低應繳金額  minimum payment

             欠下數千元的卡債  run up credit card debts of thousands of dollars

           未償還的債務  outstanding debt

             債務協商  debt settlement/negotiation

             紅利點數  reward(s) point

             現金回饋  cashback

             感應式信用卡  contactless credit card

             聯名卡  co-branded card

             慈善信用卡、愛心信用卡、認同卡  affinity card

比較：(刷卡時，直接從銀行存款帳戶裡扣款的) 金融卡  debit/check card

17.  貸款  loan

例：申請貸款  apply for a loan

        發放貸款、放款  make a loan

        取得貸款  take out a loan

        清償貸款、還清貸款  repay a loan = pay off/back a loan

        學貸/車貸/房貸  student/car/home loan

        無息貸款  interest-free loan

比較：抵押貸款  mortgage

            (補充：抵押品、擔保品  collateral = security (例：抵押房子  put up one's home as collateral))

           信 (用) 貸 (款)  credit

           (例：用信用貸款買某樣東西  buy sth on credit

                    六個月的免息信貸  six months' interest-free credit)

補充：貸款利率、放款利率  lending/interest rate

            (貸款或信用卡的) 年利率  APR (= annual percentage rate)

            放款人、貸方  lender 

            借款人、借方  borrower

18.  外匯 (交易所)  foreign exchange

例：透過出口所賺取的外匯  foreign exchange earned through exports

        外匯市場  foreign exchange markets

        (例：在外匯市場上  on the foreign exchange markets = on the foreign exchanges)

補充：匯率  exchange rate = rate of exchange

            (例：較好的匯率  more favorable exchange rate

                     匯率波動  fluctuations in the exchange rate

                     穩定匯率  stabilize the exchange rate)

            外幣兌換處  bureau de change

            (紙鈔、硬幣等的) 面額  denomination

          紙鈔、鈔票  bill = (bank)note

          (例：大鈔  high/large-denomination bill)

          硬幣、錢幣  coin

19.  黃金儲備  gold reserve

20.  (尤指銀行的) 金庫、保險庫  vault = strongroom

比較：保險箱  safe(ty) deposit box